myeloid differentiation primary response 88 knockout myd88 ko mice  (Jackson Laboratory)

Journal: Vaccines

Article Title: Differential Regulation of DC Function, Adaptive Immunity, and MyD88 Dependence by MF59 and AS03-like Adjuvants

doi: 10.3390/vaccines12050531

Figure Lengend Snippet: AddaVax increases local antigen uptake in WT and MyD88 KO mice. WT and MyD88 KO mice were intramuscularly injected with AF647−OVA alone or in the presence of AddaVax or AddaS03. Muscle was collected 15 h later, followed by single-cell preparation, immunostaining, and flow cytometry analysis. Cells were first gated based on FSC and SSC and then CD11c and MHC II expression. CD11c + MHC II + cells were gated to analyze percentage of AF647−OVA + cells. ( A ) Representative dot plots of AF647−OVA + cells in CD11c + MHC II + cells in WT ( top ) and MyD88 KO mice ( bottom ). ( B ) Comparison of percentage of AF647−OVA + cells between groups. Two−way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test was used to compare differences between groups. n = 6. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: MyD88 knockout (KO) mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME, USA) and self-bred for use in this study.

Techniques: Injection, Immunostaining, Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Comparison

Journal: Vaccines

Article Title: Differential Regulation of DC Function, Adaptive Immunity, and MyD88 Dependence by MF59 and AS03-like Adjuvants

doi: 10.3390/vaccines12050531

Figure Lengend Snippet: AddaS03 increases CD80 expression on muscle DCs. Muscle DCs were analyzed for surface expression of CD80. ( A ) Representative histograms of CD80 expression on muscle DCs in WT ( top ) and MyD88 KO mice ( bottom ). Arrow: Induced peak of CD80 expression. ( B ) Comparison of MFI of CD80 on muscle DCs between groups. Two−way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test was used to compare differences between groups. n = 6. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: MyD88 knockout (KO) mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME, USA) and self-bred for use in this study.

Techniques: Expressing, Comparison

Journal: Vaccines

Article Title: Differential Regulation of DC Function, Adaptive Immunity, and MyD88 Dependence by MF59 and AS03-like Adjuvants

doi: 10.3390/vaccines12050531

Figure Lengend Snippet: AddaVax depends more on MyD88 to enhance OVA-induced antibody responses. WT and MyD88 KO mice were intramuscularly immunized with 10 µg OVA alone or in the presence of AddaS03 or AddaVax adjuvant or immunized with PBS to serve as a negative control. Serum anti-OVA IgG and subtype IgG1 and IgG2c antibody titer was measured 3 weeks later and shown in ( A – C ), respectively. Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post-test was used to compare differences between groups. n = 5–7. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001. ns: not significant.

Article Snippet: MyD88 knockout (KO) mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME, USA) and self-bred for use in this study.

Techniques: Adjuvant, Negative Control

Journal: Vaccines

Article Title: Differential Regulation of DC Function, Adaptive Immunity, and MyD88 Dependence by MF59 and AS03-like Adjuvants

doi: 10.3390/vaccines12050531

Figure Lengend Snippet: AddaVax depends more on MyD88 to enhance TIV-induced HAI titers. WT and MyD88 KO mice were subjected to IM immunization of TIV (0.3 µg HA per strain) alone or in the presence of AddaVax or AddaS03 adjuvant, or PBS. Serum HAI titer against H1N1, H3N2, type B strain was measured 3 weeks later and shown in ( A – C ), respectively. Two-way ANOVA with Fisher’s LSD test was used to compare differences between groups. n = 5–7. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: MyD88 knockout (KO) mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME, USA) and self-bred for use in this study.

Techniques: Adjuvant

Journal: Vaccines

Article Title: Differential Regulation of DC Function, Adaptive Immunity, and MyD88 Dependence by MF59 and AS03-like Adjuvants

doi: 10.3390/vaccines12050531

Figure Lengend Snippet: AddaVax more depends on MyD88 to enhance TIV-induced protection against pdm09 viral challenges. WT and MyD88 KO mice (the same mice in ) were challenged with a lethal dose (10× LD 50 ) of mouse-adapted pdm09 viruses. Body weight change ( top ) and survival ( bottom ) were monitored daily for 14 days in WT ( A ) and MyD88 KO mice ( B ); n = 5–7. Two-way ANOVA with Fisher’s LSD test was used to compare differences in body weight loss on individual days between groups. Log-rank test with Bonferroni’s correction was used to compare differences of survival between no adjuvant and adjuvant groups. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001. NS: not significant.

Article Snippet: MyD88 knockout (KO) mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME, USA) and self-bred for use in this study.

Techniques: Adjuvant

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Effective adjuvantation of nanograms of influenza vaccine and induction of cross-protective immunity by physical radiofrequency adjuvant

doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-25605-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Crucial roles of HSP70 and MyD88 in dose-sparing effects of RFA. WT (C57BL/6), HSP70 KO, and MyD88 KO mice were intradermally injected with 0.3 µg H3N2 vaccine or subjected to RF treatment followed by ID injection of H3N2 vaccine at 0.01 µg dose. Serum HI titers were measured three weeks later ( A ). Mice were challenged with 50 × LD50 of H3N2 viruses four weeks after immunization. Body weight change ( B ) and survival ( C ) were monitored daily for 14 days. n = 5 for WT, n = 4 for HSP70 KO, n = 6 for MyD88 KO. Two-tailed student’s t-test was used to compare differences in ( A ). Two-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test was used to compare differences between groups at different time points in ( B ). Log-rank test with Bonferroni correction was used to compare differences of survival between groups in ( C ). No significant difference was found in all comparisons in A-C.

Article Snippet: MyD88 knockout (KO) mice (009088) were obtained from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

Techniques: Injection, Two Tailed Test, Comparison

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Effective adjuvantation of nanograms of influenza vaccine and induction of cross-protective immunity by physical radiofrequency adjuvant

doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-25605-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of survival in WT and KO mice.

Article Snippet: MyD88 knockout (KO) mice (009088) were obtained from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

Techniques:

Journal: Brain Sciences

Article Title: Role of MyD88 in IL-1β and Ethanol Modulation of GABAergic Transmission in the Central Amygdala

doi: 10.3390/brainsci9120361

Figure Lengend Snippet: Basal spontaneous GABAergic transmission is similar in the CeA of Myd88 KO and wildtype (WT) mice. ( A ) Representative traces of sIPSCs from WT and Myd88 KO mice. ( B – E ) There were no significant differences in the basal sIPSC frequencies ( B ), amplitudes ( C ), rise times ( D ), and decay times ( E ) of CeA neurons from WT ( n = 41 neurons) and Myd88 KO ( n = 45 neurons) mice. The scattergrams represent values for each cell. Statistical significance was calculated by an unpaired t -test, and significance was set at p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: We used adult male Myd88 knockout (KO) mice (provided by Dr. Blednov from the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX; originated from Jackson Laboratories; n = 19; age: 28.7 ± 1.4 weeks old; weight: 30.53 ± 0.65 g) and C57BL/6J wildtype (WT) control male mice (Jackson Laboratories; n = 17; age: 25.8 ± 1.6 weeks old; weight: 31.47 ± 0.97 g).

Techniques: Transmission Assay

Journal: Brain Sciences

Article Title: Role of MyD88 in IL-1β and Ethanol Modulation of GABAergic Transmission in the Central Amygdala

doi: 10.3390/brainsci9120361

Figure Lengend Snippet: MyD88 deletion dampens IL-1β’s effects on postsynaptic GABA A receptor function. ( A – B ) IL-1β had dual effects on the sIPSC frequencies ( A ) and amplitudes ( B ) in both WT and KO mice. The scattergrams on the left show the normalized effects of IL-1β (50 ng/mL) in individual cells (WT: n = 13 cells; KO: n = 15 cells), and the right panels show the percentage of the CeA neurons responding to IL-1β with an increase, no change or decrease in the sIPSC frequencies and amplitudes. ( C ) Representative traces of CeA neurons responding to IL-1β with decreased sIPSC frequencies and amplitudes. ( D – E ) While there were no differences in the predominant effect of IL-1β on the mean sIPSC frequency in WT ( n = 11 cells) and KO ( n = 13 cells) mice ( D ), Myd88 KO mice showed an IL-1β-induced decrease in the sIPSC amplitude ( E ). The statistical significance for the IL-1β effects was calculated by one-sample t -test (** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001), and for the comparison of the IL-1β effects between the WT and KO mice, an unpaired t -test was used (# p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: We used adult male Myd88 knockout (KO) mice (provided by Dr. Blednov from the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX; originated from Jackson Laboratories; n = 19; age: 28.7 ± 1.4 weeks old; weight: 30.53 ± 0.65 g) and C57BL/6J wildtype (WT) control male mice (Jackson Laboratories; n = 17; age: 25.8 ± 1.6 weeks old; weight: 31.47 ± 0.97 g).

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Brain Sciences

Article Title: Role of MyD88 in IL-1β and Ethanol Modulation of GABAergic Transmission in the Central Amygdala

doi: 10.3390/brainsci9120361

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effects of the MyD88 mimetic (AS-1) in WT mice. ( A – B ) The scattergrams represent the responses of individual CeA cells to the acute application of the AS-1 (50 mM) and subsequent co-application of IL-1β, where panel A shows the effects of AS-1 on the sIPSC frequencies (WT: n = 7 cells), and panel B shows its effects on the sIPSC amplitude. ( C – D ). In five out of six WT neurons pretreated with AS-1, there was an IL-1β-induced decrease in the mean sIPSC frequency, and the magnitude of this effect was not significantly different from the IL-1β-induced decrease in the Myd88 KO mice (data from D). ( D ) IL-1β in the presence of AS-1 had no significant effects on the mean sIPSC amplitudes of WT cells, and the extent of this effect was not significantly different from the IL-1β’s effects in the Myd88 KO mice (data from E). The statistical significance for the AS-1 and IL-1β effects was calculated by one-sample t -test (** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.0001), and for the comparison of the IL-1β’s effects between the WT, following AS-1 pretreatment, and KO mice, an unpaired t -test was used.

Article Snippet: We used adult male Myd88 knockout (KO) mice (provided by Dr. Blednov from the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX; originated from Jackson Laboratories; n = 19; age: 28.7 ± 1.4 weeks old; weight: 30.53 ± 0.65 g) and C57BL/6J wildtype (WT) control male mice (Jackson Laboratories; n = 17; age: 25.8 ± 1.6 weeks old; weight: 31.47 ± 0.97 g).

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Brain Sciences

Article Title: Role of MyD88 in IL-1β and Ethanol Modulation of GABAergic Transmission in the Central Amygdala

doi: 10.3390/brainsci9120361

Figure Lengend Snippet: Facilitation of the presynaptic GABA release by 100 mM ethanol is more robust in Myd88 KO than in the WT mice. ( A , B ). Ethanol (44 mM) facilitated presynaptic GABA release across both genotypes, as represented by the increase in the mean sIPSC frequencies in 10 out of 14 neurons from WT and 7 out of 16 cells from KO mice. ( C ) Representative recordings of the CeA neurons responding to 44 mM ethanol with the increase in the sIPSC frequencies. ( D ) There was no significant difference in the magnitude of the ethanol-induced potentiation of the GABA release between the WT and KO mice. ( E ) Representative traces of the CeA neurons responsive to 100 mM ethanol. ( F ) The magnitude of the 100 mM ethanol-induced potentiation of the GABA release was significantly stronger in the KO mice ( n = 4 out of 5 cells) compared to the WT mice ( n = 5 out of 5 cells) mice. The statistical significance for the ethanol effects was calculated by one-sample t -test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001), and an unpaired t -test (# p < 0.05) was used for the comparison of the magnitude of the ethanol effects between the WT and KO mice.

Article Snippet: We used adult male Myd88 knockout (KO) mice (provided by Dr. Blednov from the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX; originated from Jackson Laboratories; n = 19; age: 28.7 ± 1.4 weeks old; weight: 30.53 ± 0.65 g) and C57BL/6J wildtype (WT) control male mice (Jackson Laboratories; n = 17; age: 25.8 ± 1.6 weeks old; weight: 31.47 ± 0.97 g).

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Article Title: Type III interferons are commonly induced by bacteria-sensing TLRs, and reinforce epithelial barriers during infection

doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700250

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A–C) Bone-marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs, A) polarized T84 epithelial cells (B) or PMA-differentiated THP1 cells (C) were infected for 2 h with wild-type (WT) Salmonella and Shigella from overnight cultures. IFNβ, IFNλ1 or IFNλ2 mRNA expression was measured by RT-qPCR. (D) Similar to (C) except IFNλ1 protein secretion was quantified by ELISA after a 5 h infection. (E) WT BMDCs were treated with 1 μg/ml of the bacterial invasion inhibitor Cytochalasin D for 30 min followed by 2 h infection with Salmonella. (F) Similar to (E), polarized T84 epithelial cells treated with Cytochalasin D were infected with bacterial strains for 2 h. (G) WT, MyD88 or TRIF KO BMDCs were infected with the indicated bacterial strains for 2 h. (H) WT/Dual or MyD88 KO THP1 cells were infected with Salmonella and Shigella for 1h. (I) WT or IRAK4 KO THP1 cells were infected with Salmonella and Shigella for 5h. IFNλ1 protein levels were quantified by ELISA. Where indicated, IFNβ, IFNλ1 or IFNλ2 mRNA expression was measured by RT-qPCR. Error bars represent mean ± SD of triplicate readings for one experiment representative of 2–4 or averages ± SEM of 3–6 independent experiments (D,H,I). Note that Shigella flexneri was used in A, B, F, G while Shigella sonnei was used in C, D, H, I. The two strains are similar for the purpose of these experiments, but later work had to be carried out with Shigella sonnei to keep in line with UK regulations on Shigella flexneri.

Article Snippet: Cell Culture WT, MyD88, TRIF or TLR5 knockout (KO) mice were purchased from JAX.

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Infection, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: MedChemComm

Article Title: MyD88 in antigen-presenting cells is not required for CD4 + T-cell responses during peptide nanofiber vaccination † †Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c7md00367f

doi: 10.1039/c7md00367f

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of immunological requirements for peptide nanofiber vaccines

Article Snippet: MyD88 knockout (KO) mice (B6.129P2(SJL)-MyD88 tm1.1defr /J) and wild type controls were obtained from Jackson Laboratory and co-housed for at least 8 weeks before use.

Techniques: Expressing